Welcome to the July 2020 edition of the IVVN Newsletter!
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IVVN Annual Conference: postponed to 2021
Due to the ongoing uncertainty caused worldwide by the Covid-19 pandemic, we have decided to postpone our 2020 annual conference, scheduled to take place on 12-14 October in Hanoi, Vietnam. Our priority is the health and safety of our delegates and therefore we feel we cannot proceed with the conference this year. We hope to host the meeting in the same location during 2021 and we will keep you informed of the new dates. If you have any questions or concerns, please email Carly or Anne at IVVN@roslin.ed.ac.uk.

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Covid-19 updates
As the Covid-19 pandemic continues, we're highlighting relevant publications and resources, including webinars, publications and other resources. You can find them all on our dedicated Covid-19 page:
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Debby van Riel and Emmie de Wit, Nature Materials, 23 July 2020
This comment piece looks at how COVID-19 has accelerated the development of novel vaccine platforms that could speed up responses to future emerging viral diseases.
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The New York Times, 20 July 2020
David D Kirkpatrick reports on last week's promising news on SARS-CoV2 vaccine development.
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Folegatti PM, Ewer KJ, Aley PK, Angus B, Becker S, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, Bellamy D, Bibi S, Bittaye M, Clutterbuck EA, Dold C, Faust SN, Finn A, Flaxman AL, Hallis B, Heath P, Jenkin D, Lazarus R, Makinson R, Minassian AM, Pollock KM, Ramasamy M, Robinson H, Snape M, Tarrant R, Voysey M, Green C, Douglas AD, Hill AVS, Lambe T, Gilbert SC and Pollard AJ, on behalf of the Oxford COVID Vaccine Trial Group
The Lancet, published 20 July 2020, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31604-4
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Graham SP, McLean RK, Spencer AJ, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, Wright D, Ulaszewska M, Edwards JC, Hayes JWP, Martini V, Thakur N, Conceicao C, Dietrich I, Shelton H, Waters R, Ludi A, Wilsden G, Browning C, Bialy D, Bhat S, Stevenson-Leggett P, Hollinghurst P, Gilbride C, Pulido D, Moffat K, Sharpe H, Allen E, Mioulet V, Chiu C, Newman J, Asfor AS, Burman A, Crossley S, Huo J, Owens RJ, Carroll M, Hammond JH, Tchilian E, Bailey D, Charleston B, Gilbert SC, Tuthill TJ and Lambe T
npj Vaccines, published 27 July 2020, doi:10.1038/s41541-020-00221-3
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Zhu FC, Guan XH, Li YH, Huang JY, Jiang T, Hou LH, Li JX, Yang BF, Wang L, Wang WJ, Wu SP, Wang Z, Wu XH, Xu JJ, Zhang Z, Jia SY, Wang BS, Hu Y, Liu JJ, Zhang J, Qian XA, Li Q, Pan HX, Jiang HD, Deng P, Gou JB, Wang XW, Wang XH, Chen W
The Lancet, published 20 July 2020, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31605-6
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And if you have a project related to Covid-19 that you would like to share with nearly 1,250 IVVN members, or if you see an interesting article you would like to share, please let us know.
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World Zoonoses Day 2020

6 July every year marks World Zoonoses Day. The day commemorates French scientist Louis Pasteur, who, on 6 July 1885, administered the first vaccine against rabies. Our World Zoonoses Day video celebrates three IVVN-funded projects contributing to the understanding and control of different zoonoses around the world. You can watch the video and read more about the projects here.
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IVVN webinar series
There is still time to tell us which topics you would like to see covered in a new IVVN webinar series currently being developed. Webinars for research dissemination and training were some of the most requested additional activities in this year's IVVN members' survey. We hope to host the first of these webinars later this year.
Is there a pathogen or an aspect of vaccine development that you would like to learn more about? Is there a speaker you would like to hear presenting? Or is there a skill or technique a training webinar could help you develop?
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UN Environment Programme and ILRI,
14 July 2020
This report considers the root causes of the emergence and spread of zoonoses and offers practical recommendations for responding to future outbreaks.
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Roslin Institute, 20 July 2020
Method of producing blood cells will provide platform to aid development of vaccines against deadly infections in pigs.
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Animal and Plant Health Agency,
22 July 2020
This report considers the root causes of the emergence and spread of zoonoses and offers practical recommendations for responding to future outbreaks.
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Animalhealth Europe, 8 July 2020
Summaries of 53 animal diseases and the research gaps to be addressed. The first five disease sheets are available now, with the rest to follow over the coming weeks.
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The Guardian, 14 July 2020
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27-28 September 2020
Elsevier and the journal Vaccine will be hosting this year's Vaccine Congress as a free online event in September.
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30 October to 3 November 2020
The organisers of the World One Health Congress have decided to move this year's congress to an online event.
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Job vacancies closing soon
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Closing date: 12 August 2020
Salary: £32,235
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Closing date: 19 August 2020
Salary: £27,355
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The UK Medical Research Council and the UK Department for International Development announce a further call for proposals for the prestigious African Research Leader awards.
Deadline: 8 September 2020
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Publications
Cattle
Atchou K, Ongus J, Machuka E, Juma J, Tiambo C, Djikeng A, Silva JC and Pelle R (2020) Comparative transcriptomics of the bovine apicomplexan parasite Theileria parva developmental stages reveals massive gene expression variation and potential vaccine antigens. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7:287. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00287.
Chatanga E, Hayashida K, Muleya W, Kusakisako K, Moustafa MAM, Salim B, Katakura K, Sugimoto C, Nonaka N and Nakao R (2020) Genetic diversity and sequence polymorphism of two genes encoding Theileria parva antigens recognized by CD8+ T cells among vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle in Malawi. Pathogens 9(5):334. doi:10.3390/pathogens9050334.
Gizaw D, Tesfaye Y, Wood BA, Di Nardo A, Shegu D, Muluneh A, Bilata T, Belayneh R, Fentie A, Asgdome H, Sombo M, Rufael T, Tadesse Woldemariyam F, Khan F, Yami M, Gelaye E, Wadsworth J, Knowles NJ and King DP (2020) Molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses circulating in Ethiopia between 2008 and 2019. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. doi:10.1111/tbed.13675.
Jauro S, Ndumnego OC, Ellis C, Buys A, Beyer W and van Heerden H (2020) Immunogenicity of non-living anthrax vaccine candidates in cattle and protective efficacy of immune sera in A/J mouse model compared to the Sterne live spore vaccine. Pathogens 9(7):557. doi:10.3390/pathogens9070557.
Kiplagat SK, Kitala PM, Onono JO, Beard PM and Lyons NA (2020) Risk factors for outbreaks of lumpy skin disease and the economic impact in cattle farms of Nakuru County, Kenya. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7:259. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00259.
Morrison WI, Hemmink JD and Toye PG (2020) Theileria parva: a parasite of African buffalo, which has adapted to infect and undergo transmission in cattle. International Journal for Parasitology 50:403-412. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.12.006.
Mukolwe LD, Odongo DO, Byaruhanga C, Snyman LP and Sibeko-Matjila KP (2020) Analysis of p67 allelic sequences reveals a subtype of allele type 1 unique to buffalo-derived Theileria parva parasites from southern Africa. PLOS One 15:e0231434. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0231434.
Munyanduki H, Douglass N, Offerman K, Carulei O and Williamson AL (2020) Influence of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) superoxide dismutase homologue on host transcriptional activity, apoptosis and histopathology. Journal of General Virology 101:645-650. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001423.
Wallace DB, Mather A, Kara PD, Naicker L, Mokoena NB, Pretorius A, Nefefe T, Thema N and Babiuk S (2020) Protection of cattle elicited using a bivalent lumpy skin disease virus-vectored recombinant Rift Valley fever vaccine. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7:256. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00256.
Fish/aquaculture
Hwang JY, Kwon MG, Seo JS, Hwang SD, Jeong JM, Lee JH, Jeong AR and Jee BY (2020) Current use and management of commercial fish vaccines in Korea. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 102:20-27. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.004.
Kayansamruaj P, Areechon N and Unajak S (2020) Development of fish vaccine in Southeast Asia: a challenge for the sustainability of SE Asia aquaculture. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 103:73-87. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.031.
Poultry
Erfanmanesh A, Ghalyanchilangeroudi A, Nikaein D, Hosseini H and Mohajerfar T (2020) Evaluation of inactivated vaccine of the variant 2 (IS-1494/GI-23) genotype of avian infectious bronchitis. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 71:101497. doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101497.
Marin-Gomez SY, Martins NRS, Fernando FS, Coelho HLG and Freitas Neto OC (2020) Effect of infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccines on infection of Salmonella Heidelberg in broiler chickens. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 22. doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1181.
Renu S, Han Y, Dhakal S, Lakshmanappa YS, Ghimire S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Senapati S, Narasimhan B, Selvaraj R and Renukaradhya GJ (2020) Chitosan-adjuvanted Salmonella subunit nanoparticle vaccine for poultry delivered through drinking water and feed. Carbohydrate Polymers 243:116434. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116434.
Xie P, Li Y, Li Y, Liang J, Xiang B, Lin Q, Jin J, Ding C, Xu C and Ren T (2020) Immune effect of a Newcastle disease virus DNA vaccine with IL-12 as a molecular adjuvant delivered by electroporation. Archives of Virology. doi:10.1007/s00705-020-04669-5.
Small ruminants
Hamdi J, Bamouh Z, Jazouli M, Boumart Z, Tadlaoui KO, Fihri OF and El Harrak M (2020) Experimental evaluation of the cross-protection between sheep pox and bovine lumpy skin vaccines. Scientific Reports 10. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65856-7.
Wang Y, Miao Y, Hu LP, Kai W and Zhu R (2020) Immunization of mice against alpha, beta, and epsilon toxins of Clostridium perfringens using recombinant rCpa-b-x expressed by Bacillus subtilis. Molecular Immunology 123:88-96. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.05.006.
Wattegedera SR, Livingstone M, Maley S, Rocchi M, Lee S, Pang Y, Wheelhouse NM, Aitchison K, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Buxton D, Longbottom D and Entrican G (2020) Defining immune correlates during latent and active chlamydial infection in sheep. Veterinary Research 51:75. doi:10.1186/s13567-020-00798-6.
Swine
Hau SJ, Luan SL, Loving CL, Nicholson TL, Wang J, Peters SE, Seilly D, Weinert LA, Langford PR, Rycroft AN, Wren BW, Maskell DJ, Tucker AW and Brockmeier SL, on behalf of the BRaDP1T Consortium (2020) Evaluation of the recombinant proteins RlpB and VacJ as a vaccine for protection against Glaesserella parasuis in pigs. BMC Veterinary Research 16:167. doi:10.1186/s12917-020-02377-5.
Li Y, Wang Y, Cheng J, Zhou X, Lu H, Zhang X, Xia X and Sun H (2020) Generation and immunogenicity assessment of ELPylated virus-like particles of porcine circovirus type 2. Virology Journal 17:72. doi:10.1186/s12985-020-01346-6.
Salguero FJ (2020) Comparative pathology and pathogenesis of African swine fever infection in swine. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7:282. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00282.
Zoonoses
Minakshi P, Ghosh M, Kumar R, Brar B, Lambe UP, Banerjee S, Ranjan K, Kumar B, Goel P, Malik YS and Prasad G (2020) An insight into nanomedicinal approaches to combat viral zoonoses. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 20:915-962. doi:10.2174/1568026620666200325114400.
Other
Entrican G, Lunney JK, Wattegedera SR, Mwangi W, Hope JC, Hammond JA (2020) The Veterinary Immunological Toolbox: past, present, and future. Frontiers in Immunology 11:1651. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01651.
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